Top 13 Historical Monuments in Kerala – Entry fees, Guided Tour

Kerala, often called “God’s Own Country,” is renowned for its natural beauty, but its rich history and cultural heritage are equally impressive. The state is home to several historical monuments that reflect its ancient past, colonial legacy, and religious significance. From majestic forts to ancient temples and colonial architecture, Kerala offers a glimpse into its multi-layered history. In this guide, we’ll explore some of the most notable historical monuments in Kerala.

Introduction to Historical Monuments in Kerala

Kerala is a state where history breathes through its ancient monuments, reflecting the influence of different dynasties, colonial powers, and religious traditions. Whether it’s a grand fort overlooking the Arabian Sea or a peaceful palace nestled in the countryside, Kerala’s historical sites offer a journey back in time.

1. Mattancherry Palace (Dutch Palace)

History and Significance

Mattancherry Palace, also known as the Dutch Palace, is a landmark in Kochi. Built by the Portuguese in 1557 and later renovated by the Dutch in 1663, it was a gift to the Raja of Kochi. The palace stands as a testament to European influence in Kerala and houses murals depicting scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata.

Key Attractions

• Murals: The palace’s murals are among the best in India, showcasing Hindu epics in vibrant colors.
• Museum: The museum inside the palace displays royal artifacts, including portraits of the Kochi kings.

2. Bekal Fort

Historical Background

Bekal Fort, located in Kasaragod, is one of the largest and most well-preserved forts in Kerala. Built in the 17th century by the rulers of the Ikkeri Nayaka dynasty, the fort later fell under the control of Tipu Sultan and the British. Its strategic location by the sea made it an important military stronghold.

Architectural Features

• Circular Fortification: The fort’s massive walls and circular structure make it stand out.
• Scenic Views: The fort provides panoramic views of the Arabian Sea, making it a popular tourist spot.

3. Padmanabhapuram Palace

Architectural Marvel

Situated in Kanyakumari district, just outside Kerala’s border, the Padmanabhapuram Palace is a fine example of traditional Kerala architecture. Built in the 16th century by the rulers of Travancore, this palace is known for its intricate wood carvings and sprawling courtyards.

Importance in Kerala’s History

• Capital of Travancore: The palace served as the capital of the Travancore kingdom before the capital moved to Thiruvananthapuram.
• Unique Architecture: The palace is famous for its unique wooden architecture and traditional Kerala design.

4. Palakkad Fort

Historical Overview

Palakkad Fort, also known as Tipu’s Fort, was built by Haider Ali in 1766. It played a significant role in the Anglo-Mysore Wars, and its strategic location near the Western Ghats made it a coveted military base.

Present-Day Attractions

• Fort Grounds: The fort is now a popular tourist attraction with well-maintained gardens.
• Cultural Events: The fort hosts various cultural and historical events, adding to its appeal.

5. Koyikkal Palace

The Heritage of Travancore

Koyikkal Palace, located in Nedumangad, is a 16th-century palace that was once the residence of the Travancore royal family. It’s a double-story building showcasing the elegance of traditional Kerala architecture.

Museum Exhibits

The palace is now a museum featuring exhibits related to the history of Kerala, including ancient coins, folklore artifacts, and musical instruments.

6. Thalassery Fort

Role in British Colonial Era

The Thalassery Fort, built by the British East India Company in 1708, was a vital trade center during British rule. The fort played a crucial role in controlling the spice trade in the Malabar region.

Architectural Style

The fort’s architecture is a blend of European and local styles, featuring high walls, underground chambers, and massive bastions.

7. Jewish Synagogue (Paradesi Synagogue)

History of the Jewish Community in Kerala

Located in Kochi, the Paradesi Synagogue is the oldest active synagogue in the Commonwealth, built in 1568. It stands as a reminder of the once-thriving Jewish community in Kerala.

Unique Artifacts and Features

• Antique Chandeliers: The synagogue is adorned with Belgian chandeliers.
• Floor Tiles: Each floor tile was hand-painted in China and remains unique.

8. St. Francis Church, Kochi

Significance in Colonial History

Built in 1503, St. Francis Church is one of the oldest European churches in India. It is also the original burial site of the famous Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama.

Vasco da Gama’s Legacy

Though his remains were later moved to Portugal, a gravestone still marks the spot where Vasco da Gama was buried.

9. Krishnapuram Palace

Historical Background

Located in Kayamkulam, the Krishnapuram Palace was built in the 18th century by Anizham Thirunal Marthanda Varma. It is known for its architectural splendor and the largest mural painting in Kerala, the Gajendra Moksha.

Art and Architecture

The palace features traditional Kerala-style architecture with gabled roofs and narrow corridors.

10. Hill Palace, Tripunithura

Former Royal Residence

Hill Palace was once the official residence of the Kochi royal family. It is now a museum displaying royal artifacts, including jewelry, weapons, and sculptures.

Museum Collections

The museum holds an extensive collection of artifacts that narrate the history of the Kochi dynasty.

11. Napier Museum, Thiruvananthapuram

Architectural Blend

The Napier Museum is known for its unique Indo-Saracenic architecture, which blends Gothic and Kerala styles.

Historic Exhibits

The museum features historic exhibits, including ancient ornaments, bronze idols, and ivory carvings.

12. Edakkal Caves

Prehistoric Significance

Located in Wayanad, the Edakkal Caves are believed to have been inhabited by humans during the Neolithic period.

Ancient Petroglyphs

The caves are famous for their ancient rock carvings, depicting human and animal figures, and offer a glimpse into prehistoric life.

13. Anjengo Fort

Legacy of Colonial Trade

Anjengo Fort, located near Varkala, was built by the British East India Company in the 17th century. It served as an important trade and military post during British rule.

Present-Day Features

The fort offers stunning views of the Arabian Sea and is surrounded by coconut groves, making it a peaceful retreat for visitors.

Conclusion

Kerala’s historical monuments are a testament to the state’s rich cultural and architectural legacy. From colonial forts to ancient palaces and synagogues, these sites offer a fascinating journey through time. Whether you’re a history buff or simply a curious traveler, these landmarks are sure to captivate your imagination.

FAQs

1. What is the best time to visit historical monuments in Kerala?

The best time to visit Kerala’s historical monuments is during the winter months from October to February, when the weather is pleasant and ideal for sightseeing.

2. Are there entry fees for visiting these monuments?

Yes, some monuments like the Mattancherry Palace and Padmanabhapuram Palace may have a nominal entry fee. It is advisable to check the official website or local tourist information for the latest fees.

3. Can I take guided tours at these historical sites?

Yes, many historical sites, especially the more prominent ones like Hill Palace and Bekal Fort, offer guided tours to provide visitors with in-depth knowledge of their history and significance.

4. Are there any UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Kerala?

Kerala doesn’t have any UNESCO World Heritage Sites yet, but places like the Western Ghats (which partially covers Kerala) and Edakkal Caves are of significant global importance.

5. Can I combine visits to these monuments with other tourist attractions in Kerala?

Absolutely! Many of these historical monuments are located near popular tourist destinations, so you can easily combine history with nature, adventure, and cultural experiences.